CLIMATIC ATLAS OF THE ARCTIC SEAS 2004 / LIBRARY

Maidel, B., (date unknown): Report on Studies of the Expedition along the Murman Bank in the Summer of 1870.

Summary

      In the spring of 1870, the Geographical Society appointed the author to go to the banks of Laplandia and perform physical geography studies of the Arctic Ocean simultaneously with Mr.Yarzhinsky. Mr. Yarzhinsky hired a schooner. In accordance with sailing conditions, the author had instruments from the Hydrographic Department and the Main Geophysical Observatory. His plan was to conduct magnetic, water temperature, salinity, and current observations. During a prolonged stay in Vardo and Korabelny Bay, the author was able to compose a description of this bay and observe the tidal and low-tidal phenomena. A brief essay of the studies performed by the expedition was published in the November issue of the Geographic News (Geographicheskiye Izvestia). Therefore, there is no need to list the work done at each location. The author describes every study separately in the following order: 1) magnetic observations, declination, shear stress, inclination; 2) tide and low-tide observations; 3) a brief description of survey and measurements in the Korabelny Bay, and 4) meteorological observations.

Last paragraph on page 486:
      In the Korabelny Bay, the latitude was measured. On that day the status of the chronometer was checked against the corresponding sun altitudes and the noon sun altitudes on one side of the meridian (afternoon observations near meridional altitudes were not successful).
      From these observations, the latitude was equal to = 69^o 41’ 51”
      From the meridional sun altitude, the latitude was equal to = 69^o 41’ 10”
      * Average latitude was equal to = 69^o 41’ 32”
      It was impossible to determine the latitude because of lack of instruments and chronometers.

Starting on page 490:
      Among the meteorological instruments, there was one checked thermometer of Geisler and a small thermometer of Reaumur from the Main Geophysical Observatory, as well as a certified aneroid from the Kronstadt Observatory. The author purchased two extra thermometers in Hamburg and Bergen. One of his thermometers was divided into 0.1^o R. On the corvette, “Varyag,” these thermometers were compared with the thermometer of Geisler. Measurements of the sea-surface water temperatures were made in a sailcloth bucket with sea water taken from the depth of approximately 1.5 or 2 feet. These observations were conducted every hour on the way from Kiel to Ward-e and every 2 hours on the way from Archangel to Kronstadt, in both cases by ship officers.

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