14s blONTHL'l- WEATHER REVIEW. .JANUARY, 191 1
KIVEKS AND FLOODS, JANITARI-, 1911.
By l'rvf. H. C. FRANKENFIELD, in charge I J ~ River and Floocl DiJiqion.
There were two iiiipcrtaiit floods during the month,
one in the Ohio River a r i d tlir other in the riwrs (~f
Culiforiiitt. Both were in progress at the eiitl of the
inont,li, m i l reports thereof will I)e &ferret1 until the nest
issue of the Review. O n
January 1 ant1 2 hettvy rttiris Eel1 in tlie Euqt Gulf States
aud aloiig both slopes oi' the southern Apljaliicliinns, nilcl
by the morning of January 2 all rivers o I that section were
rising rapidly. On the morning oE danuary :3 flood w:irn-
ings were issued for the Tennessee River a t Florence, Ala. The warnings were repeittecl oii the Iullowiiig mornin:; ;i i d
esteiicletl t o tlie mouth of the river. In tlie vicinitj- oi
Florence and Riverton, Ala., the crest strips were n loot
or t>wo above tlie flood stage, while below they closely
ap rosiiiiatecl it. Owing to tlie clistriliutioa of the riiin-
fa1 f wit,h respect to tlie time of occiirreiice, tlie crest at
Florence occurretl oii tlie smie (lay as at Chttuiioogn itiitl
one day earlier than :it points between. No wnrnings
nooga oil January 5
flood stage. Tlie 1( .s aiiiotiiitwl t o about .%TT,O, of
wliicli about $500 was in property, wliile the rem:iintler
wtis clue to suspension of lmsiiiess. The riilue of property
saved by the Wentlier Bureau warning.: 1% ns :il,out $L ' ,~I )O .
The rivers of the Santee system (l i t 1 l i t i t rench f-loo(l
stage, although on January 5 tlie stage tit CLiiii(leii, S. C.,
on the Wnteree River, wis 23 fret, or 0111~- 1 Toot l w l o ~
flood stage. There was :I mocler:ite flootl in the lower Roniioke
River, with a crest stage of 35.2 i w t , or 5 .2 feet iibove
flood stsage, ttt Weltlcrn, N. C., 011 January 5 . W'nriiiiigs
were issued on January 4, itlid iio clniiingc wn.: reportetl.
Rises in the Alttbit1iiit River :inti trihu tnrieh 11 ere nlso
proiioiiiicecl, but nu flootls occurre(1. Tlie Rlnck Wurior
ant1 lower Toiiibiglwe Rivers were high, owin? t o tlie very
heavy preripitntion ot-er the heatlw-:iters of the former
river, niicl wariiiiip were first issiieil on January 2. 011
Jsnuary 3 wtriiiiicy were i.:hue(l for :I 55-foot stage :it
Tnscnloosn, Ala., on tlie Black Warrior River. tint1 for n
stage excee(liiig 43 feet nt, Deniopoli~, Ala., on the Tom-
biybee, tlootl stages hein: :it8 -j:3 nut1 35 i'ert, rvspe(*tivelj-.
A creJt stage of 5 2 feet wis reaclictl iienr iiii(luiq1it of
January ?-4 at Tuscwloosn, m t l of I1 .!) fert at Deniopolis
on January 9 ant1 10. T~vwlnntls were iloo(lw1, h i t tlie
only loss of consequelice \\yith oi' rnft tiiiilwr t o tlie v d ~e
of ahout $l,OOO. Citttle to the IXILIP of $<o,OOO were
reiiiovetl from the lon-liiiitls :is n rtlhiilt or tlir warning\,
aiirl t,imher of about the wnie value was ~iiovetl t o the
mills.
In tlie Pascagoulii nntl P e d River n.:iterslietls ol" Ks-
sissippi floocl stitges were :yiierally esceetletl by miowits
ranging from :I Frnctioii of n loot t o nearly tj fret. De-
fective telegraph service preveiitec l tlw iswe ()f wirnings
uiitjil tlie iiiorniii~ of Januilry 3 , IBut, with i t sinqle excel>-
tion, tlie crest stiiges tlitl not occur until more than 24
hours after. Tlie wnrnin<s were in niiiple time t o perinit
the reniovnl of stock to places of safety, aiitl tlie only
losses of consequence were those of tt quniitity of logs in
the lower Pearl River, valued itt perhaps $2,500.
There were severnl floods e); minor iinportunce.
my above Florenc*e, tlie crwt
ving been ul~out
Tlie ice tliitt iiioveti out on December 29, 1910, froiii
tlie upper West Bruiicli of tlie Susquelianna lotlgetl new
Pine, Pa., 7 miles below Lock lIaren, wliere i t remained
for over two weeks. W'iirni :tiit1 nincier:ttely heavy r&.:
on Jaiiuiiry 13 am1 14 stLirtet1 n clecicletl rise in the river
niitl in Baltl Eagle Crrek, a i i c l by the night of January 14
nll the bottom luntls between Piiie and Lock Haven,
hiclutlin? tlie lower portion of tlie city of Lock Haven,
were untler wztter. The w-nter continued to rise until the
following nioriiing, \vlien the gorge broke. Tlie gorge
n h o ~e the (h i a t \\:illiaiiisport broke a t 10 A . in. of the
saiiie (late, n n c l a t :3 p. ni. tlie river reiiclietl a stage of 19
feet, 1 i'oot I)elow tlie flood stage. At Lock Haren the
stage is wit1 to have been the highest since 1S94, a n t 1 tlie
nittjor portioii of the claiiiage appenrs to have been done in
tliis vicinity. The ice reitclietl Harrisburg, Pa., on the
initin stream, tlurin t8he early iiioriiiiig of Jitnuury 16,
with 11.5 feet of n i t a ' , aiicl finiilly lodged against, the
ice jniii tliat at tlitit time extentled froiii the hlcC'a11 Ferry
Ditiii t o C'olmnhia, Pa. The ice began to run over the
hlc4':dl nani 011 Janunry 15, hut (~i i the 19th another large
gorge forniecl opposite Pecliien, Pa. After January 20
tliere wis no furtlier nioremeiit of the ice in the viciiiity
of tlir I l c c ' d l Ferry Dam, iiiitl tlie month closet1 with wii
iiiiiiien.:e cliiantitj- oL ice nbove the cliiiii threatening
aiiotlier flowhi;: with tlie liest piern1 rise in tlie river.:.
There wi* ii iiiotlrrnt e flood 111 tlie upper Oliio River
froiii .January 14 to 17, ciiiihecl b>- nmm nntl niotlertlte
rniii.: aiicl melting snows, am1 t,he u.:unl warnings were
iswrcl for it rise to a foot or two al)ove flood stage. At
Pittstmrg the creht stage wn.; 3.S feet on Jaiiiiary 15, 1.8
feet :tl,ove the flootl qtnge, aiitl at Wheeling, W. VU., 36.1
;eet, 0.1 foot nl)ore the flootl stnge. Colcl weather on the
15th ant1 16tli cliecketl tlir rise to sucli itii extent tlint the
creht htnge a t Pnrkersburg was only X4.S fret, 1.2 feet
lwlow tlie floocl stage. Tlie loses iintl tlniiiage :iiiiountetl
to nl)out %L'.j,ooO, iiinstly in tlie vicinity of Pittsburg, and
of tliih $15,000 \viis in property and the reiiiaiiider through
surpeubion of 1)iisiiiess. The property snvecl tis a result
of tlir Weiitlier Bureau warnings \viis vitlued Lit about
$1 C)( 1, OI )( ) .
Soiiie iiiiiior floo(Ih nlso occurretl in tlie interior rivers
o f tlie State of Oliio, tlue mainly to ice gorges. TVnrnings
were issuetl proiiiptly aiitl iio tlmiuge w n s r~port,etl.
Tlie rise in tlie Wiilmli River t i n t 1 tributaries wiis not of
hpecial iniportniic-e, dt1ioii;:li thr stage of 14.6 feet a t
lloulit C'nrIiir1. Ill., c)11 ,Tiinuiir>- IC) \v:ih ]Jut 0.4 foot b r I O w
the tiootl h t q e . W'urnings fcir tliis rihe were issued on
January 16.
On Janunry 10 ant1 11 general ttnd copious railis over
Arizon:i, especially over the central nn(l northern portions,
were followetl hy n rupicl run-otf in the various streams.
(hi the iiioriiiiig of ,January 11' the Salt Rirer nt Teiiipe,
Ahiz., reilclieil i t stnze of S.2 feet, :i11(1 the streii1li clicl not
I)ecome i'ordiihle iintil Jnnunry 20. There WRS tils0 it
consitleriilJle rise iu the Giln River a t tlie s~iiie time.
Sccurnte wzirnings of tliew riw.; were issued on Jnnuctry
11, uiitl they were of specinl value to the irrigation and
engineering iriteres ts. Tlie rise miis not sufficient to
reach the farm and ranch laiicls. The losses of all kinds
RIONTHLT WEATHEK REJTEW. 149
SPEC'IBL PAPERS ON GENERAL 1IETEC)ROLOGY.
RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE WEATHER BUREAU
LIBRARY.
c'. FITZHVGH TALMAN, Librarian.
Heiskell, Henry L.
Instrii~~tions t,ij tlir marinc mc.t.t.~~r~~l~~~ic~:ill olw:r\-ers i d tlir U. S.
Keather 1)ure:tii. 31. ell. Wasliinqtiiii. 1!110. lis p. So.
( \v. B. NII. 444. )
iliil:itr(l 1)~)wr-plniit~
1.1iim tie ys :it. l r i i i t ei 1 . t Krprinte~l: Jobur.
405. 1
, 1910.
Die Veriiiiilerung iles Idinins w i t . dein h1:isim~uii ilrr 1i.tzt.rii Eis-
zc.it.. . . . Stoc~kliolni. 1910. lviii, 459 11. 4'.
Kopkins, N. Munroe.
Stniidard lig1it.n ilia pri i t
Btner. sei.. nnviil eng:.. v. 29, N I ). 2.
1 lth International geological congress, Sto
International meteorological committee.
In 1)ii miiritimr weather
ilinal suiiimitry of ninritiiiie
lie v:iriiw t*oiiiitrir- r i f the y
1,iintlnn. 1911. 21 11. So. 1 h l . 0. Nn. 3lli. I
McAdie, Alexander [George].
Nnt,es on frost . . . 3 1 . ell. U'nshiiiptoti. 1910. :C p. S". I U. S.
Department of agricult.ui-e. FarmerR' hull. 104.')
Marvin, Charles Frederick.
hIensiiremrnt of 1irwiliitation. Iiistructions IIII t.he nieasiirement
ristmtioii i ~f pre(-ipitntion Ly tneaiis (~f the st.niitlard in-
its 1.d the U. S. lVr:it,lirr burrsu. (lirculnr E, Instruinerit
tlivi+inm. 311. ecl. Washiugt~~ii. 1910. 39 13.. 10 figs. 8".
rli. S. \Vmther I)ure:tii.
Mysore. Meteorological department.
Negro, Carlo.
No. 445. I
Rainfall regi.;trntit,n in . . . 1909~ Rxigalore. 1910. 47 p. 4'
Su11a rlettrir.iti r r:trlionttivitb drlla I)recipitazinne atmosferira.
Rlitiia. 1910. 33 1 1 . 4'. I Ertriitto: hIem. Pontif. :tccmI.
Kiininiin (1. Niilivi Li1icr.i. v. 28. I
Observatorio de Madrid.
Prussia. K. Preussisches aeronautisches Observatorium bei Linden-
.4iiuitrio. 1!t1 1 . hln(lri(1. 1910. 6!)0 p. 1 2 O .
Wells. Edward L. ('liniatr I I ~ Iclnlii, [with tnljlrs of nniiual precipitation. 11391 to 1909.1
I 111 Bietmiul reliort of the state eiiginrer, v. 8, 1909-1910)
[Boibr]. [1910]. p. 193-19:. So.